orthogonal bases


Summary

Relative coordinates to an orthogonal basis

Relative coordinates to an orthonormal basis

Orthogonal matrices

Concept

Orthogonality and linear independence

  • not every orthogonal set is linearly independent -> can contain the 0 vector
  • every orthonormal set is linearly independent

Orthogonal/orthonormal basis

  • if the orthogonal set spans a subspace
  • similar properties to the standard basis

Orthogonal matrices preserve norm

orthogonal matrices do not scale

Core idea of orthogonal matrices

Product of orthogonal matrices is orthogonal

Determinants of orthogonal matrices

Application

Relative coordinates

orthogonal matrices preserve angle and distance between relative coordinates

Rotation matrix

Extra